Falls are the leading cause of injury, hospital admission, and injury-related death among adults over 65. Every year, one in four older adults falls, and falling once doubles the chance of falling again. The good news is that most falls are preventable with the right interventions.
Why Older Adults Fall
Falls in older adults are usually caused by a combination of factors:
Muscle weakness, especially in the legsBalance and gait problemsVision changesMedications that cause dizziness or drowsinessHome hazards like loose rugs, poor lighting, or clutterChronic conditions like arthritis, diabetes, or neuropathyFear of falling, which can actually increase fall risk by reducing activityHome Safety Modifications
Making your home safer is one of the most effective ways to prevent falls:
Bathroom
Install grab bars near the toilet and in the shower or tubUse a non-slip bath matConsider a shower chair or benchInstall a raised toilet seat if neededEnsure good lightingBedroom
Keep a lamp within reach of the bedUse nightlights along the path from bedroom to bathroomRemove clutter from the floorConsider bed rails if neededKitchen
Store frequently used items at waist heightUse a sturdy step stool with a handrail if reaching high shelvesClean spills immediatelyUse non-slip matsStairs and Hallways
Install handrails on both sides of stairsEnsure all stairs are well-litRemove throw rugs or secure them with double-sided tapeKeep hallways clear of clutterAdd non-slip treads to stairsGeneral
Improve lighting throughout the homeRemove or secure loose cords and wiresEnsure furniture is stable and not easily tippedRemove throw rugs or use non-slip backingKeep commonly used items within easy reachExercise for Fall Prevention
Regular exercise is the single most effective intervention for preventing falls. Key exercises include:
Balance exercises (standing on one foot, heel-to-toe walking)Strength training (especially legs and core)Tai Chi (shown to reduce fall risk by up to 50%)Walking programsIn-home physical therapy is particularly valuable for fall prevention because your therapist can assess your specific risks, create a personalized exercise program, and make recommendations for home modifications.
When to Seek Professional Help
Consider professional fall prevention help if:
You or your loved one has fallen in the past yearYou feel unsteady when walking or standingYou have a fear of falling that limits your activitiesYou take four or more medicationsYou have difficulty with balance or walkingA home health physical therapist can provide a comprehensive fall risk assessment and create a personalized prevention plan. These services are covered by Medicare for eligible patients.
Contact our care advisors to learn about fall prevention services available in your area.
